2 New Innovations In Nanotechnology Sector In Indonesia

Nanotechnology development in Indonesia is done since around 2000. Over the last 10 years appeared various applications. Nanotechnology innovation have nurtured new business field instrumentation that can penetrate the world market. Nanotechnology or engineering technology of nanometer-scale substances or billionth of a meter long period of development has not been classified. The concept was first introduced in late 1959 by Richard Feynman, U.S. physicist who later won the Nobel Prize in Physics in 1965. However, nano technology was already studied first by Professor Norio Taniguchi of Tokyo Science University. In 1940, he began to study the mechanism of crystal kuarts manufacture nanomaterials, silicon, and alumina ceramics using ultrasonic machine.

Miniaturization of molecular material until the order was carried out, among others, fueled by the demands of downsizing of electronic devices and computers. With the nano particles, the integrated circuit or IC measuring 1 square centimeter, for example, can be loaded with billions of transistors to the circuit capacity of terabytes, not gigabytes anymore. The potential application of nanotechnology might be bigger, not merely to make nanomaterials for microelectronics devices, but also for other industries. The application of nano materials not only in engineering goods, but also in food products, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics.

The application of nanotechnology in various fields will change the life of modern society. By creating nanometer-scale particles, then paste it in between the micron-sized particles, will produce a new type of material is super, among others, the level of violence, the delivery of electricity, and magnetic properties. With the advantages that will be produced quality products, which is not easy to wear, because the energy-saving heat-resistant, and does not require refrigeration. Thus, it will save operational and maintenance costs as well as environmentally friendly.

Blending of nanoscale materials in the nitrile titan ceramic composites will produce new materials that exceed the hardness of diamonds. If the nano materials used in paint, will affect scratch, can not fade, and reflect the heat. Nano particles of paint will make your house or vehicle remains cool despite exposure to sunlight.

Innovation in Indonesia .

In creating innovations in the field of nanotechnology , researchers Indonesia is not inferior to foreign researchers . Some works of nanotechnology innovations in Indonesia exhibited in R & D Ritech Expo 2010. The exhibition, which ends on Sunday (22/8) that show about 28 products of nanotechnologies innovation nation's children . Agency for the Assessment and Application of Technology (BPPT) , for example , displays plastic packaging and components on the solid electrolyte fuel cell made ​​of a polymer-based nano- composites . Packaging materials are waterproof and air , while the electrolyte delivery of heat and electricity is much better . Meanwhile , researchers at the Center for Material and Technical Ministry of Industry (Ministry of Industry B4T) managed to make the paint of precipitated calcium carbonate (PCC) nanoscale . PCC makes use of paints underwater construction is scratch resistant , salt mist resistant , and highly water-resistant . While nanosilika made ​​Nurul Taufiqu Rochman of Applied Physics Research Center Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI) , when mixed with cement to produce concrete strength twice the strength of ordinary concrete . Andrea nanomaterial applications also Marisi Dame B4T Siahaan from the Ministry of Industry . He made ​​a spreader layer (diffuser) light to LED light alloy nano compound BCNO (Boron Carbon Nitrogen Oxigen) 

With this nano coating, LED lighting level 6 watts of power can equal a 60 watt incandescent bulb. Nanomagnet systems are also being designed for micro hydro power plant with a capacity of 5 kilowatts. Head of Metals and Machinery (BBLM) Kemenperin Muhammad Word estimates, within two years, the nanomagnet can already be applied to the system. Nanomagnet will reduce half the diameter of the turbine, but the same capacity. Meanwhile, nanoscale materials are already successfully infiltrated the commercial products resulting national industry, among others, on crystal display TV, sensors, textiles, cosmetics, medicine, and food. In cosmetics, moisturizers made ​​nanosel there. This element nano can better cover the wrinkles and brighten the face.
  

 

1 Solar Storms and Solar Bursts

Solar storms is a widespread issue lately. Many people worry about, even think of it as the end of the world. However, if the solar storm? Solar storms is essentially not much different from the "sun burst" (solar flares). If the power of the sun or a solar flare bursts is large, it will be referred to as the solar storm.

Shot of the sun is when there is a "bright spot" or "burst of energy" over the surface of the sun. Experts claim that this bright spot is interpreted as a very large release of energy (up to 6 × 1025 joules, about one sixth the total solar energy output per second). This explosion spraying clouds of electrons, ions, and atoms through the corona into space. If large enough, then the cloud will reach the Earth within a day or two.

In this event, when the plasma medium on the surface of the sun 'baked' to millions of degrees Celsius, the plasma medium will be 'broken' and launched a variety of particle (electrons, protons, ions) near the speed of light. This burst of energy can produce radiation in the entire electromagnetic spectrum from radio waves usual, x-rays, to gamma rays. Rarely wave-shaped burst of energy that can be seen with the naked eye, in a variety of specialized equipment needed to observe. X-rays and UV radiation emitted by these solar storms can reach the Earth's ionosphere and disrupt radio communications, radar, internet, and other devices that operate by using a wave. He did not pose 'storm' in the real sense (rain, tornadoes, and etc.).

 

Solar flares were first investigated by Richard Christopher Carrington and independently by Richard Hodgson in 1859. The frequency of solar storms vary widely, from once a week to several times a day, following the 11-year cycle (the solar cycle).

 

Solar Storm: Is Harmful?
Dangerous or not the solar storm depends on the strength, but clearly, it only resulted in a variety of damage to or interference with any frequency-based equipment. 

 

The most powerful solar storm ever observed occurred on September 1, 1859, and was reported by British astronomer Richard Carrington and Richard Hodgson. This event was named "Solar Storm 1859" or the "Carrington event". These storms can be seen by the naked eye (in white light), and produce stunning aurora in tropical regions such as Cuba or Hawaii. This event is reported to cause a lot of the time the telegraph instrument dead. The sun storm also left its mark on the ice in Greenland in the form of nitrates and beryllium-10.

 

In modern times, a large solar storm ever occurred on 4 November 2003, then also occurred on April 2, 2001 (X20), October 28, 2003 (X17.2 & X10), 7 September 2005 (X17), February 17, 2011 (X2) , August 10, 2011 (X6.9), and that occurred in early 2012.

 

Who need to be aware of solar storm in modern times in which the development of science and technology so advanced it is precisely because it is not functioning or damage to the various means of communication, especially those in outer space like a satellite. Damage to these communication tools will certainly result in economic loss is not small. Internet and telephone networks were cut off for several days and smartphones are not functioning normally, of course, makes it difficult to relate modern humans became especially inter-connected with social networking sites. This of course will result in a mess the world of business and communication.   

 

1 Symptoms of Cervical Cancer

Cervical cancer is a type of malignancy that affects women. The main cause of cervical cancer is the human papilloma virus (HPV). This virus was found in 77% of women infected with HIV-positive women and the rest of it to anyone. In Indonesia, cervical cancer is a threat to women because it fits the data found every day 40 women who expressed cervical cancer, 20 of them died. In the world once every two minutes a woman is diagnosed with cervical cancer had died two minutes.

Lack of knowledge about the symptoms and signs of cervical kankers make most women do not realize. Even cancer will attack anyone in the susceptible age is infinite. Women do not realize when Human papilloma virus (HPV) attack. HPV, tiny microorganisms which measures 55 mm and has 100 types of HPV can cause warts menginfeksi skin up. Viruses multiply and survive attacks the immune system to trigger cervical cancer.

Early Symptoms of Cervical Cancer 
In early-stage cervical cancer symptoms are hard to find. Cervical cancer patients infected with the virus at the beginning just like a normal woman. The medical examination with a Pap test can help detect early cervical cancer symptom. Smear tests can be done at the age of 21 years and then performed periodically every three years. At the age of 30 will be performed pap tests and HPV tests are also continuously until the age of 65 years. As for the other symptoms that lead to infection of the HPV virus are as follows :

• Discharge patogonis 

Vaginal discharge that is other than the blood of femininity fluid in the lot. Although not all of the harmful discharge but if you have a vaginal discharge with the following features, you should be wary: The release of fluid in quantity, turned into liquid mud, Bad unpalatable, Tinted not normal (yellowish, greenish, brownish), arising feeling hot and itchy in the area of femininity
white with features to take into consideration, please consult with a medical specialist obygn.

• Pain in the area of ​​femininity 

The pain that strikes feminine area caused due to human papilloma virus (HPV) has been developing and disrupt the body's immunity so that the resulting lower abdominal pain, sore appears on the thighs, pelvic joint pain during menstruation, pain when defecating and pain when having intercourse.

• Bleeding 

Most women perceive that the bleeding that occurs due to abnormal menstrual cycles, but need to watch out if the blood drop out from your feminine area often and take place regularly hence should consult a doctor immediately.

• Painful urination 

Bladder infected with the virus will result in the patient having pain urination is a symptom of cervical cancer entered an advanced stage.

• Arising pain and bleeding during sex 

Often mutually couple in high-risk sexual intercourse lead to cervical cancer. When having sex frequently ill and bleeds caused by infection of the cervix severe.

• Decreased appetite 

Decreased appetite decreased immunity caused so prone to stress, excessive anxiety, and interfere with energy. Moreover, this is a sign of the onset of symptoms of cervical cancer.

• Swelling in the legs 

When you experience leg swelling for no reason, maybe this series of signs of cervical cancer-causing virus to attack your body.

• Tired fast 

Fatigue which means that you are infected with HPV that cause fatigue without attacking your leisure time.

0 Brain Differences Men and Women

Low capacity differences between men and women has long been the main attraction among psychologists, particularly those engaged in differential psychology. No doubt, based on the public observation or research results show that between different creatures have different type, seen in physical and psychological aspects.

The results of a recent study conducted Ingalhalikar, (2013) to 949 participants young people aged 8-22 years showed that there are differences of brain connectivity between men and women. This study using Diffusion Tensor Imaging (DTI) is an imaging technique that can reveal the structure of the life of the brain, capable of tracking and highlighting the fiber pathways that connect different brain regions.

Of the 428 men studied, the researchers found that the connections in the brain more men moving between the front and rear in the same hemisphere (inter-hemispheric connectivity). The movement of the connection from back to front is believed to be the brain activity that connects perception to action. This gave us the explanation that men have an advantage in motor skills and spatial skills (insight space) than women.

Meanwhile, of the 521 women who became participants in this study, the researchers noted that the connections in the brain more women move between the two hemispheres of the brain (intra-hemispheric connectivity). Lines of communication between the two hemispheres of the brain is believed to be the brain activity that connects intuition with analysis. This provides an explanation that women have an advantage in memory skills and social cognition skills.

The researchers also found that there is little difference in brain connectivity between men and women, before the age of 13 years. Different patterns of brain connectivity is very striking between the ages of 14-17 years, which is triggered by the onset of puberty and 17 years and over. Ruben Gur, a member in the study said :

".... Map this connection not only helps us better understand the differences of how men and women think, but also gives us a deeper understanding of the roots of neurological disorders, associated with gender. "    

Several previous studies have shown the existence of differences in the brain between men and women, but the study of the neural wiring that connects regions throughout the brain associated with cognitive skills, and involving a large population apparently never happened. 

1 Identify the characteristics of brain cancer

Before you understand more about the symptoms of brain cancer, you need to understand the structure of the human brain first. The brain is an important organ that regulates all activities or movements of the human body. Just imagine you're on a motorcycle, how many activities you do? Seeing the road, driving, look left-right, see the rearview mirror, balance, yet again while thinking about what to eat tonight ... In the second, there are thousands of things that happen in your brain (which happens either consciously or unconsciously).

The brain can be multitasking like this because of all the activity regulated by different brain parts (each part has different functions). In general, the human brain is divided into three parts, namely a large brain (cerebrum), cerebellum (cerebellum) and brain stem (brain stem). Each section is subdivided into smaller sections, where each small part is divided again, and so on. Section fills the space between the brain fluid (cerebrospinal fluid), while the exterior is protected by three layers of the lining of the brain (meninges) and the skull.

The anatomy of the human brain
Well, every part of the brain can be affected by a tumor or cancer. Although benign tumors, but because of the growth in the brain, can be very dangerous. The tumors can interfere with the function and structure of the central nervous system damage, because it is located in the cavity of a limited (cranial cavity). Along with the development of these tumors, brain tissue will be more depressed. Though the volume of cranial cavity is very limited and not likely to grow. This is what makes the headache or dizziness as an initial symptom of brain cancer. 

Baseline characteristics of brain cancer varies greatly, depending on the part of the brain is affected. For example headache or feel nauseated. Here are symptoms of brain cancer that you should be aware:

• headaches accompanied by nausea to vomiting spray

• reduced vision

• loss of consciousness or behavior changes

• talk interference

• hearing

• interference walk / body balance

• nerves

• limb movements or spasms weakened 

Remember, the list above is only a symptom. Even if you suffer from one or more of the above symptoms, you are not necessarily affected brain cancer. For sure, you should be examined by a doctor of neurons directly and undergo further examination such as CT scan, MRI, angiogram, Myelogram, spinal tap and biopsy.   

0 Breast cancer-causing factors that must be considered

At this time the article I will discuss about the causes of breast cancer, the cancer is a terrible disease, a scourge because it can result in death for its victims.

On our minds if ever thought what is the cause why a person can have or had cancer of the breast is this terrible? There are several causes someone to lose their disease, the causes of breast cancer could be due to heredity or often called genetic, hereditary genes of the family, it is very big role in triggering the disease, the risk of breast cancer when my grandmother or mother who never experienced the disease then it will be inherited by their children and grandchildren so that people with a background of his family has been affected by this deadly disease has to be extra careful. In addition there are also environmental factors and eating food containing a lot of pesticides on this believe to be one of the main factors for the increasing number of patients who suffered from breast cancer.

Other than that I read several sources, according to the sources, there are several other factors that cause increased breast cancer survivors apart from the factor of lineage (the inheritance of genes), below you can see several factors the causes of breast cancer at the time of an increasingly sophisticated :

1. The use of hormone pills: according to Dr. Wendy Chen as the head of research from Brigham and women's Hospital in Boston, the use of excessive hormone pill in women sufferers monopause turned out to be a cause of breast cancer and the use of hormones in the pills for long periods of time can increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
2. The use of Pesticides on fruits and vegetables: from results issued through research by a university in a foreign country, the consumption of pesticides increase breast cancer risk for women, therefore it is strongly recommended to wash vegetables and fruit to clean before you consume them so that pesticides are sticking on vegetables and fruit were lost.
3. Passive smokers : Passive Smokers smokers are people who don't smoke but do not deliberately suck the smoke released by the smoker often heard passive smokers are exposed to the risk from the hazards of cigarette smoke than smokers is active, this is the cause, according to experts from the California Enviromental Protection Agency passive Smokers have a close relationship with the risk of developing breast cancer, therefore do not become passive smokers and don't become active smokers, avoid people who smoke so that you don't become passive smokers.
4. The use of cosmetics: the cosmetics ingredients are like hormones of estrogen increases the risk of causing risk experiencing sickness kaker breast, be careful in the use of cosmetics for your health.
5. Artificial sweetener: artificial sweeteners are often used instead of those people for sugar because it was cheap, it was careful in eating out or eating street food for small children are bought out there, because of excessive consumption of artificial sweeteners can raise the risk of breast cancer disease affected, although this has not been fully proven in research is a good idea to avoid something that is not good for health.
6. Soybeans: soybeans are indeed becoming a healthy diet for people who go on a diet but contained in phytoentrogens content of soybeans may increase the risk that can trigger the onset of breast cancer, this is due to the content of phytoestrogens that can improve growth hormone oestrogen, so it is recommended not to consume too much berlebihkan, soybeans are good for your health but something extravagant is not good.

That's some factors cause breast cancer, hopefully you all can keep people who cherished to avoid this dangerous disease, spread to people in order to reduce the risk of this disease, so it is better to prevent.

See also on other articles for health may increase your insight.

0 Why Online Education Is Growing

Distance education of one sort or an additional is about for a very long time. Correspondence courses helped individuals discover trades on the own free time, whilst radio or taped tv courses educated students in remote areas. Currently, using the rapid expansion and evolution from the Internet, on-line education has turn into a reality. What began like a convenient suggests that of providing internal coaching to staff by way of company intranets has currently spread towards the general public during the worldwide web.


Online-only colleges and career colleges have flourished, and ancient ground-based universities are moving courses and somewhat programs on your Internet. It’s currently potential to earn a somewhat from your accredited school while not at any time setting foot on campus, and a lot of individuals enroll annually.

Proof of Growth

The Sloan Consortium, a non-profit foundation, conducts yearly surveys investigating on-line education. Their most recent report captured the on-line learning scenery because it stood in 2007-2008, revealing that

20% of all US school students were studying on-line a minimum of part-time in 2007 ;

3. 9 million students were taking some on-line training program throughout Fall 2007, a growth rate of 12% upon the earlier year ;

This growth rate is a lot faster compared to the general greater education growth rate of 1. 2%.

Greater Education : Meeting The Would like For A Skilled Workforce
Greater education in general has grown greatly. Census knowledge has shown that in 1980, solely 32% of US adults below twenty five had earned a somewhat or completed any school coursework. By 2000, this variety had jumped to 52%. Prosperity has played a role during this growth : as median incomes have risen more than the previous many decades, a lot of individuals have been able to afford to transmit their youngsters to school. Political assistance for putting individuals into school education, by way of Federal funding for example Pell Grants and loans, has additionally helped improve admittance to greater education.


But, the most driver behind the improve in greater education is that the huge alter inside the general economy from the US during the last fifty many a long time. Changes in technologies and globalization from the economy suggests that the once-large manufacturing foundation from the United States has dwindled. Those jobs accounted for 40% of workers in 1950, however by 2000 had shrunk to incorporate solely 18% from the workforce. Most workers are currently employed from the service sector, exactly in which a lot of specialized skills tend to be a necessary requirement for finding a job. Consequently, a few post-secondary education is currently noticed as crucial for workplace viability using a majority from the population.

Online Education : Meeting The Wants from the Skilled Workforce

And also a majority from the population is currently on-line : in 1997, lower than 20% of US households had Internet accessibility. By 2007, which proportion had grown to 61. 7%. Internet accessibility took solely 7 many a long time to attain 25% of US households, compared along with 35 many a long time to the tv and 46 for household electrical energy. As along with music, tv, and newspapers, greater education wants to maneuver to in which the individuals are in case it wishes to expand its user foundation. Additionally, ancient campuses are having problems maintaining facilities which satisfy the growing school population’s wants. Whilst the value savings of running a web somewhat plan aren’t tremendous (at least aren’t a driving concern for university officers), it’s usually easier for colleges to maneuver programs on-line than it's so that they could build extensions on their campuses.

The sagging economy has additionally been great for on-line education. The Sloan Consortium’s findings revealed that a lot of establishments expect a lot of operating adults to flip to continuing education to build new skills or enhance existing ones to much better their chances in the work marketplace, and likewise to prevent paying greater fuel prices as commuter students.

This really is likely a safe bet : nearly Ninety million adults take part in a few sort of continuing education annually even throughout great times, consistent with Census knowledge. The convenience of having the ability to finish a somewhat while not quitting employment makes on-line education engaging to operating adults. As those adults attempt to carry on earning, they’ll need to carry on learning.