2 Know More Human Nervous System

Posted by Atsumori. Category: health care

The human nervous system is an organ system containing a network of specialized cells that coordinate actions and transmit signals to various parts of his body.

The human nervous system consists of nerve cells called Neuron.Neuron combine to form a network to deliver impulses (stimuli). A nerve cell is composed of a cell body, dendrites, and axons.

The function of the nervous system:

• As a recipient of information in the form of stimulation
• Process the information received
• Giving response / reaction to the stimulation.

Neurons (Nerve Cells)

Neurons or nerve cells are part of the human nervous system. A collection of nerve cells is the one that forms the nervous system.

Neurons consist of three main parts:

1. Dendrites
2. Nerve cell bodies
3. Axons (neurites)

Dendrites, function sends impulses from receptors to the neuronal cell bodies.

Body found inside the cytoplasm of cells and cell nuclei. neurites from the cell body and dendrites exit. The function of the cell body to control nerve cells work.

Axons (neurites) function sends impulses from the nerve cell body to other tissues or effectors such as muscles and glands.

Various Cells Based on Neural Functions:

• Sensory nerve, sensory nerve cell function is deliver impulses from receptors to the central nervous system, ie brain (ensefalon) and spinal cord (spinal cord).

• Motor nerve, the motor nerve cell function is to send impulses from the central nervous system to muscles or glands which results in the body's response to stimuli. The motor nerve cell bodies located in the central nervous system.
• Intermediate nerve cell / neuron connectors, intermediates nerve cells called neurons also associations. These cells can be found in the central nervous system and the function of motor nerve cells connect with sensory nerve cells or associated with other nerve cells in the central nervous system. Intermediate nerve cell receives impulses from sensory receptors or nerve cells other associations.

Structure of the Nervous System

There are two kinds of nervous systems, namely:

1. The central nervous system includes: Brain and Spinal Marrow
2. System sraf edge (peripheral) include: autonomic nervous system (sympathetic and parasympathetic) and somatic nervous system (cranial and spinal nerves)

Central Nervous System

The central nervous system is the central coordinating body. The central nervous system includes the brain (ensefalon) and spinal cord (spinal cord). Both are very soft organ, with a very important function.

Brain

The brain is a soft sticky objects, bermi lot, and chewy. In it there are millions and even billions of cells safar.

The brain has five main sections, namely:

• Large brain (cerebrum): The big brain has a function in the regulation of all mental activity, which is associated with intelligence (intelligence), memory (memory), awareness, and consideration.
• Midbrain (mesensefalon)
• Small brain (cerebellum)
• Connecting cord (medulla oblongata), and
• Varol bridge (pons Varoli)

Big brain (cerebrum)

Big brain has a function in the regulation of all mental activity, which is related to intelligence, memory, awareness, and consideration.

The cerebrum ...

• The largest part of the human brain.
• There are 2 hemispheres that looks symmetrical but different structure and function. Right hemisphere: left-hand controls, introduction to musical and artistic, space and pattern perception, sight and imagination. Left hemisphere: right hand control, spoken and written language, numerical skills, scientific, and reasoning.
• Hemispheric surface was shaped protrusions (gyrus) and grooves (sulcus); indentation that the so-called fissure.
• Each hemisphere is divided into four lobes: the frontal lobe, parietal lobe, occipital lobe, and temporal lobe

Frontal lobe function as the center thinking; temporal lobes as auditory and language centers.

Occipital lobe as the center of vision.

The parietal lobe as the center of the touch and movement.

Forebrain also include other parts, such as the thalamus, hypothalamus, pituitary gland, and pineal gland. Before the accepted area of ​​sensory cerebrum, all stimuli would be processed first by the thalamus. Only olfactory stimuli are not received by the thalamus. While the function of the thalamus is another example regulate the temperature and water content in the blood, and also coordinate activities related emotions. The hypothalamus is the part that serves to regulate body temperature, appetite, and behavior. In addition, the hypothalamus also controls the pituitary gland, the gland hormone that plays a role in controlling homon other glands, like the thyroid gland, adrenal gland, and pancreas.

Central Brain (mesensefalon)

Located in front of the midbrain and cerebellum Varol bridge. In front of the thalamus and midbrain are the pituitary gland which regulates the endocrine glands work. The top (dorsal) of the optic lobe of the brain is the central governing such eye reflex constriction of pupils, and also the auditory center.

Small brain (Serebellum)

The cerebellum has a primary function in the coordination of muscle movements that occur consciously, balance, and body position. If there are adverse or harmful stimuli then normal voluntary movement impossible.

Varol bridge (pons Varoli)

Varol bridge contains nerve fibers that connect the cerebellum it left and right, also Menghu bungkan big brain and spinal cord.

Connecting cord (medulla oblongata)

Connecting marrow function leads impulses coming from the spinal cord to the brain. Connecting cord also affects the bridge, reflex physiology such as heart rate, blood pressure, volume and speed of respiration, digestion tool motion, and the secretion of digestive glands.

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